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In this groundbreaking work, computer scientist Leslie G. Valiant details a promising new computational approach to studying the intricate workings of the human brain. Focusing on the brain's enigmatic ability to access a massive store of accumulated information very quickly during reasoning processes, the author asks how such feats are possible given the extreme constraints imposed by the brain's finite number of neurons, their limited speed of communication, and their restricted interconnectivity. Valiant proposes a "neuroidal model" that serves as a vehicle to explore these fascinating questions.
While embracing the now classic theories of McCulloch and Pitts, the neuroidal model also accommodates state information in the neurons, more flexible timing mechanisms, a variety of assumptions about interconnectivity, and the possibility that different areas perform different functions. Programmable so that a wide range of algorithmic theories can be described and evaluated, the model provides a concrete computational language and a unified framework in which diverse cognitive phenomena--such as memory, learning, and reasoning--can be systematically and concurrently analyzed.
Included in this volume is a new preface that highlights some remarkable points of agreement between the neuroidal model and findings in neurobiology made since that model's original publication. Experiments have produced strong evidence for the theory's predictions about the existence of strong synapses in cortex and about the use of precise timing mechanisms within and between neurons. The theory also provides a quantitative explanation of how randomly placed neurons can be harnessed as resources for general purpose learning and memory--and is therefore synergistic with the striking recent discovery of neurogenesis in cortex.
Requiring no specialized knowledge, Circuits of the Mind, masterfully offers an exciting new approach to brain science for students and researchers in computer science, neurobiology, neuroscience, artificial intelligence, and cognitive science.
- Sales Rank: #2379315 in Books
- Published on: 2000-12-28
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 8.90" h x .50" w x 5.90" l, .79 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 256 pages
Review
"The book is written in a clear style, with a sufficient number of figures illustrating the algorithms. . .This new insight into complex problems of the brain, as well as the proposed methodology, makes the book highly readable and interesting." --Computing Reviews
"The author shows that the proposed neuroidal model supports the cognitive activities he identifies. It provides a good structure to explore the functions of the mind still further." -- IEEE Spectrum
"Although there are many books today dealing with a simple neuronal model based on the weighted sum principle, this one rises above these others in providing an explanation of cognitive functions." --Choice
About the Author
Leslie G. Valiant, Gordon McKay Professor of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Harvard University.
Most helpful customer reviews
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
AUTHOR PROPOSES A "NEUROIDAL MODEL" TO DESCRIBE BRAIN PROCESSES
By Steven H Propp
Leslie Valiant is a Professor of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics at Harvard University.
He states in the Preface to this 1994 book, "The main task for the present, therefore, may be viewed as a prescientific one. What is the most promising way to proceed in order to find the intellectual structure within which at least some central questions can be formulated and reduced to problem solving? This volume suggests one avenue. It places at the center of the investigation some simple tasks of memory and learning, and advocates that these tasks be investigated by means of detailed computational models."
He says, "The aspect of reasoning that we are particularly concerned with here is so called commensense reasoning. This is the process that humans use to cope with the mundane but complex aspects of the world in evaluating everyday situations. It is reasoning that is generally done subconsciously. It is perhaps precisely because we have no awareness of these processes that it has proved to difficult to simulate them in machines. No one has yet made a home cleaning robot that can execute its task with reasonable flexibility and commonsense." (Pg. 159)
Later, he notes: "The major stumbling block at first seemed to be the philosophical problem raised by inductive learning, an aspect of cognition that seems impossible to evade. We believe now that computational learning theory gives an adequate view on this. It explains how it may be possible for a system to learn to cope in a world that is too complex for it to describe or understand." (Pg. 203-204)
This book will be of some interest to those looking for creative models of the brain.
0 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
Great book on brain modeling
By L. C. JI
I haven't finished this book yet, but I am very much impressed.
The author talks about this subject in a very practical way, unlike most of related books on this subject.
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